高三英语备考：2021高考英语作文“读后续写”最新解读.docx
2021高考英语作文“读后续写”最新解读读后续写题型产生的背景中央考试中心为进一步深化高考考试改革，拟定一两年内在全国高考英语试题卷取消“短文改错”题，故引进“读后续写” 这一测试题型。并于2016年率先在上海和浙江两地进行试点。目的：深化高考考试改革，逐渐摒弃语言测试中过多的人为设置语言障碍——“非正常语言测试模式”，将语言测试回归本源，达到真正能体现语言能力的测试目的与宗旨。题型介绍1.任务要求提供一段 350?词以内的语言材料，要求学生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写，将其发展成一篇与所给材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文（150 词左右）。2.考查目标读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的综合性语言测试。教育部考试中心刘庆思、陈康老师于 2016 年指出，读后续写主要关注学生以下四个方面的能力：①把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来。②语言运用的准确性和丰富性。学生能准确、恰当地使用所学词汇和语言结构，还能够根据内容需要使用较多、较复杂的词汇和语言结构。③对语篇结构的把控能力。学生需要掌握上下文逻辑关系，所续写的短文与所给短文及段落开头语之间要有连贯性，所续写的短文内语句要连贯、有序。④创造性思维能力。学生所续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容，包含详细和生动的情景、态度和感情描述。题型分析1.题型设计方面读后续写：一个围绕某一具体的主题语境，基于书面语篇记叙文连续性文本的文体形式，在根据语境线索理解语篇内容、分析语篇结构，并续写语篇内容的过程中，运用语言技能获取、梳理、整合语言知识，同时运用所学语言知识创造性地表达意义，并通过运用各种学习策略，提高理解和表达效果的题型。2.阅卷要求方面需考虑所续写的内容：（1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。3.评分标准方面需把握的具体原则为：（1）本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分；（2）评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分；（3）词数少于 130 的，从总分中减去 2 分；（4）拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑；（5）如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
不难看出，该题型在考查学生运用所学语言知识（如语法知识、篇章知识）进行书面语言表达的同时，也在考查学生对书面表达策略的胜任力。可以说，该题型尤其对英语学科核心素养中的“语言能力”和“思维品质”的发展可以起到很好的促进作用。真题呈现1.（2020年7月，浙江高考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。One fall，my wife Elli?and I had a single goal:to photograph?polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.Taking pictures?of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be photographed from a safe?distance. When Im face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera?with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises?like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇)，I took some pictures of the bear.Elli and I feared the fence wouldnt last through 30 more minutes of the bears punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears eyes，but doesnt hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫)，the bear ran?to the lake to wash his eyes.注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph1:A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp._____________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:At that very moment, the helicopter arrived._______________________________________________________________________________________________________【解析】本文主要讲述了人与熊对抗，之后成功脱险的故事。主人公的感情线变化为：兴奋渴望→惊恐→放松。剧情线以主人公如何与北极熊周旋并成功摆脱它展开。由第一段的段首提示句可知：几分钟后，熊又回到营地。接下来可通过场景渲染，描写当时令人颤栗惊恐的画面，例如“Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness.”这不仅合理地描写了熊的反应，也描绘出让人战栗的场景。
由第二段的段首提示句可知：此时，直升机到了。如果想要进行续写两段的合理衔接，第一段的结尾可描写成“After thoroughly scrutinizing the area, the bear trotted forward a few steps.”这样可以营造出危急的场景。“我们”看到直升机的到来，感到绝处逢生的喜悦，可以以人物心理描写作为第二段的开头，重点描写喜极而泣的状态，例如“My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved.”最后，结尾部分需要迅速收束，并说明成功逃脱的结局。关于画线词：Elli作为女主人公，是续写内容中应该出现的画线词，noises, pictures, fence, spray与熊有关，也在两段续写内容中出现。最终，两人回归安全状态，因此画线词safe也可自然而然地出现在续写内容中。由此划分画线词，可迅速锁定需使用的画线词范围，辅助构思。【范文】A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness. The noises turned Elli?and I pale with horror. I feared that the giant would destroy our whole fence. He roared repeatedly, shattering what was left of the silence. Elli seized this opportunity to take some?pictures?of the bear. The animal’s noises echoed all around us. We betrayed our feelings by huddling together, shivering with fear. After thoroughly scrutinizing the area, he trotted forward a few steps.At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved. Elli used pepper spray?again to buy us enough time. But this time the bear became more alert. He regarded us with the merciless necessity of hunger, so we throw all the food we have. He then turned away and started devouring. As we were climbing the rope ladder, Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe?and sound.?备考策略写给教师的话教师应关
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