2020中考英语知识点讲解：代词
新东方在线中考频道整理了《2020中考英语知识点讲解：代词》，供同学们和家长参考。【考点直击】
1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;
2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;
3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;
4 常见不定代词的一般用法;
5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;
6. 相互代词的基本用法;
7. 疑问代词的基本用法。
8. 关系代词的基本用法。
【名师点睛】
代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
一. 人称代词
1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。
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2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：
I like table . (作主语)
Do you know him?(作宾语)
3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：
---Whos isat the door?
---It’s me.
4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：
He is older than me.
He is older than I am.
二. 物主代词
1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性
物主代词，如下表所示。
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2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：
Ouristo see us.
This is her -box.
3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Ouris here, andis there.(作主语)
--- Is this -book yours? (作表语)
--- No. Mine is in my bag.
I've my . Have youyours? (作宾语)
三. 指示代词
指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those
则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：
This is a pen and that is a .
We are busy these days.
In those days thehad a hard time.
2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲
到的事物，例如：
I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.
What I want to say is this ;is veryin.
3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：
sets made inare just as good as those made in .
4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack ?
四. 反身代词
英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"
等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。
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I'm going to buy a few .
He can speak only a.
There is only amilk in the glass.
He has few .
They hadmoney with them.
2)a 和也可以用作副词，a 表示“有点，稍微”，表示“很少”。
I'm a. (修饰形容词)
Let him sleep a . (修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a, . (修饰副词比较级)
She slept verylast night.
3. other, the other, , , the 的区别。
1)other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别
的”。
Where are his other books?
I haven't any other booksthis one.
2)other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。
He has two . One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.
She held a ruler in one hand and an -book in the other.
3)other作代词用时，可以有复数“”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ....,...”句型。
Some went to the ,went .
This coat is too large. Show me some , .
4)“the ”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。
We got home by 4 o'clock, but thedidn't get back until 8 o'clock.
In our class only Tom is , theare .
5)可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.
You can seeship in the sea, can't you?
Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would youshow herone?
6)也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。
I'm stillafter I've had this cake.give me .
4. every与each的区别。
Thegave a toy to each child.
Each ball has a.
当我们说each child, each 或each 时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every 时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。
Everyloves the. = Alllove the.
Every child likes . = Alllike .
5. all和both的用法。
1)all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。
All of us like Mr Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。(作主语)
= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位语)
All the water has been used up. (作主语)
That's all for today. (作表语)
Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语)
All theare here. (作定语)
2)both作代词。
①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。
Lucy and Lily both agree with us.
They bothon theirat the same time.
How are your ? They're both fine.
②与“of +代词(或名词)”连用，表示“两者都”。
Both of them came to see Mary.
Both of the books are very .
③单独使用，表示“两者(都)”。
has two sons. Both are .
I don't know which book is the , I shall read both.
3)both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。
Both his are our .
. There are tall trees on both sides of the .
六. 相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one 两种形 式。在当代英语中，each other和one 没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。
Welearn from each other / one . (作宾语)
Do you often write to each other / one ? (作宾语)
We ofteneach other's / one 's books. (作定语)
The each other's / one 'sin their .
(作定语)
七. 疑问代词
疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑
问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：
Who is going to come here ? (作主语)
What is that? (作表语)
Whoseis this? (作定语)
Whom are youfor? (作宾语)
八.关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：
I hatewho talk much but do .
I’mat thewhich you sent me with your .
With the money that he had saved, he went on with his .
Do you know the lady who isour ?
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